August 3, 1999

When you declare a class as final, it can no longer be subclassed. Java has used this for security purposes with classes like String and Integer. It also allows the

An interface describes the public methods that a class should implement along with the calling conventions of those methods. An Interface says nothing about implementation of its methods. In essence,

When you declare a class as abstract, it cannot be instantiated. Only subclasses of an abstract class can be instantiated if they are not abstract themselves. When you declare a

When you synchronize a method of a class, as in: public synchronized int getAge(){ …} that method will acquire a monitor lock before execution. If the synchronized method is static,

When you declare a field variable of a class as static, that field variable is instantiated only once, no matter how many instances of the class are created. In other

Question: How do I redirect the output of a SQL query to a file? Answer: Use the isql command-line switches to redirect the output of a query to a file.

Question: I have a query that retrieves a field which is a foreign key in two tables. The tables are organization_name and person_name. Each instance of the foreign key is

Question: I want to show my users when a record was last updated. Is there any way to display the timestamp field? Answer: The timestamp field is not a good

Question: I’m running Windows NT 4.0 (Service Pack 3) and have developed an ActiveX Server (EXE) using Visual Basic 6 (Service Pack 3). How come whenever I try to create