Apple is quietly accelerating efforts to replace Qualcomm’s cellular modems in its iPhones with its own in-house alternatives. This move marks a significant step towards Apple’s goal of controlling the entire hardware stack of its devices. Earlier this year, Apple introduced the C1 modem, a custom-built 5G chip.
The C1 modem supports only sub-6GHz 5G and prioritizes battery efficiency over raw speed. Apple has described it as the “most power-efficient modem ever on an iPhone,” a claim likely linked to its use in thinner models such as the upcoming iPhone 17 Air. Despite the initial rollout of the C1, Qualcomm modems continue to power most iPhones, including the flagship iPhone 17 series expected later this year.
However, Apple is developing a more advanced C2 modem, which it anticipates debuting with the iPhone 18 range in 2026.
Apple’s in-house modem strategy
This next-generation modem will include mmWave support, improved carrier aggregation, and up to 6 Gbps download speeds.
Looking further ahead, Apple’s roadmap includes the C3 modem, internally codenamed Prometheus, planned for 2027. This modem may support satellite connectivity and use AI-assisted optimization to enhance signal quality. Additionally, Apple is working on a Wi-Fi and Bluetooth combo chip, dubbed Proxima, aimed at replacing Broadcom’s components.
This chip will likely debut in Apple TV and HomePod mini models before appearing in iPhones. Ultimately, Apple plans to integrate its modem technology directly into its system-on-chip (SoC) designs, similar to its Apple Silicon strategy, by around 2028. This would allow for tighter control over power efficiency, performance, and supply chain costs.
By developing its own modems, Apple is moving closer to a fully integrated hardware ecosystem, which has significant implications for performance, design, and long-term supplier relationships.
Image Credits: Photo by Adil Murshed on Unsplash
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