Multi-dimensional arrays can be represented by arrays of arrays. For example, suppose that you want to create a 3×3 matrix, called Brady, and fill it with the strings shown in

The class java.io.PushbackInputStream in JDK 1.1.3 returns the wrong value from its available() method. If you look at the source code, it returns pos + super.available(); when it should really

This bug workaround identifies Windows operating systems and adds an identifier to the absolute root directory path to avert file problems. File root;String tmp;tmp = System.getProperty(“user.dir”);root = new File(tmp);while((tmp =

Using operator new (or malloc() in C) to create objects on the heap is expensive in terms of performance (allocating heap memory usually involves a long negotiation with the OS),

Objects created using new [] must be released using delete [] as in this example. It

When you need a constant integer member in an object, the easiest way to create one is by using a nameless enum, which can be used like any const int:

Passing large objects by value as function arguments is very inefficient. On the other hand, passing them by reference/address is dangerous since it enables the callee to change its arguments

Even experienced C++ programmers who have prior experience with C tend to use pointers excessively whereas references may be a better choice. Pointers may result in bugs like the following:

If you do not define a copy constructor and operator = , the compiler will create them automatically for you. However, there are cases when you have to define them

Using #define to create macro constants is not ideal. Macros are substituted by the preprocessor, so the compiler usually cannot detect anomalies such as type mismatch (see example); furthermore, most

One of the good things about destructors is that they are called automatically. There are rare cases, however, when you want to invoke an object

There are cases where you have to define several constructors (or constructors and operator = ) within one class, all of which perform some identical tasks (e.g., initialize members, allocate

Although Java’s String package is a lot more friendly than C’s string handling, you can still find yourself surprised by its behavior at times. Consider this code: import java.lang.String;public class

To present your applet in a visually pleasing way, it’s often handy to know the size of the screen that’s available for output. Fortunately, a built-in AWT function makes determining

Whenever you define a class member function which does not (and should not) change its object, it’s a good idea to define it as a const member function. There are

Did you ever feel the urge to use a nice Java class you just wrote as an ActiveX object on your Windows machine? Good news: you can do it in

Question: Can you explain to me how a linked list works with FILE I/O. For example, how do you add, modify, delete, and search for a student record in a

Question: I installed MS Visual C++ 5.0 at work and on my home machine. At work it’s fine running on Windows NT with 96 megs of RAM. On my home

Question: Can I have variable length fields in a structure. I have tried something like: typedef struct { int length; char data[length];}; but that won’t compile. Is there a way,

Question: When I open PowerBuilder, I want it to open showing the library painter by default. I tried modifying the Target in the Propeties for the PowerBuilder icon by adding

Question: How can I view and print a text file in PB5-16? I don’t need to edit. Answer: Use the FileOpen, FileRead and FileClose commands to read you text file.

Question: We want to create menus dynamically where we store the menu items in a table. While running the application, we want to read the values from the table and

Question: Say you have three classes, a base (called Base),and two classes derived from it (called Derv1 andDerv2). Base has a pure virtual function (called TypeGet()) that is defined in

Question: Is there a Windows function or some quick wayget a list of the keys in an .ini file, such as: [Section]Key1=xxxKey2=yyyKey3=mmmKey4=ppp I want this: ‘Key1’, ‘Key2’, ‘Key3’, ‘Key4’ Answer:

Question: I am working on my first Delphi 2.0 application which has grown to be quite large over the past few months. The problem is that lately I have been

Question: In what direction should I look to find a way tobuild a simple dos aplication with mouse control. Answer: Building a DOS application that provides mouse support involves writing

Question: I am having a problem with getting an infinite loop out of a particular program and I am not quite sure where the problem is at. If you could

Question: Is there a header file in Visual C++ v4 (sorry a bit behind :)) that replaces the old graph.h? I am writing console apps for school and would like

Question: I would like to program the parallel port in Windows NT or 95. What should I do? Answer: At the simplest level, accessing the parallel port involves reading and

Question: What is the best way to learn c++?I can study on line, by book or attend a course.Which are the bests places to start. Answer: The answer really depends