Question:
Can I use LIKE across all columns in a single table without having to name each column specifically?

Answer:
You cannot do this as a direct query against a table, but you could create a view that concatenates the values in the columns and then query that view. If you have a table like this:

TestTableCol1 char(10)Col2 char(10)Col3 char(10)

And it has these values:

Col1 Col2 Col3a    test btest c    de    f    g

You can create a view called TestView that combines columns 1, 2, and 3:

if exists (select * from sysobjects where id = 
object_id(N'[dbo].[TestView]') and 
OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsView') = 1)drop view [dbo].[TestView]GOSET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  ON    SET ANSI_NULLS  ON GOCREATE VIEW dbo.TestViewASSELECT Col1 + Col2 + Col3 AS testcolFROM TestTableGOSET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER  OFF    SET ANSI_NULLS  ON GO

Then you can query the view like this:

select * from testview where testcol like '%test%'

And it will return this:

testcol                        ------------------------------ a         test      b         test      c         d